Candidiasis (oral/yeast infection)

Overview

Candidiasis, commonly known as oral thrush or yeast infection, is a condition caused by the overgrowth of the fungus Candida in the mouth. It affects various pets, including dogs, cats, rabbits, and birds. While typically mild, it can cause discomfort and requires proper care.

Causes

Candidiasis is primarily caused by an imbalance in the normal flora of the mouth, often triggered by factors such as:

• Antibiotic Use: Disruption of normal bacterial flora.
• Immune Suppression: Conditions like diabetes or long-term steroid use.

Symptoms & Signs

Early Symptoms

• Mild redness in the mouth
• Bad breath

Advanced Symptoms

• Thick white plaques on the tongue or gums
• Difficulty eating or swallowing

Emergency Symptoms

• Severe oral pain
• Refusal to eat or drink

Diagnosis

Diagnosis involves:

• Oral Examination: Visual inspection by a vet.
• Culture Tests: Laboratory culture of oral swabs.

Treatment Options

Home Care

• Ensure proper hygiene
• Offer soft foods

Veterinary Care

• Antifungal medications
• Probiotics to restore flora balance

Surgical Options

• Not typically required

Home Care

Maintain oral hygiene by regularly cleaning your pet's mouth and providing a balanced diet.

Prevention

• Regular dental check-ups
• Avoid unnecessary antibiotics

Prognosis & Recovery

With timely treatment, the prognosis is excellent. Most pets recover within a few weeks.

When to See a Vet

• Persistent bad breath
• Visible discomfort while eating

FAQ

What causes candidiasis? Candida overgrowth due to antibiotics or immune suppression.

Is it contagious? No, candidiasis is not contagious.

Can it spread to humans? No, it is not zoonotic.

How is it treated? Antifungal medications and probiotics.

How long does recovery take? Typically a few weeks with treatment.